Alcoholism is defined as the chronic overconsumption of alcohol and is a major public health concern in the United States. Despite laws such as the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which sets the minimum age of alcohol consumption to 21 years of age, illicit alcohol consumption among younger individuals is an ongoing problem. As alcohol has dramatic effects on behavior, it is essential to understand the behavioral impacts of alcoholism, both of which can have dire consequences.
When alcohol is consumed, it affects both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Because of this, consuming large amounts of alcohol can alter behavior in a variety of ways. Those who suffer from alcohol use disorder may experience voluntary behavior impairments, such as reduced concentration and increased impulsivity. As individuals become increasingly intoxicated, they often become more relaxed and less inhibited, leading to a higher likelihood of engaging in risky and aggressive behaviors, or participating in risky activities such as driving while under the influence.
Alcohol consumption-related physical aggression is a common issue among individuals with a pattern of problematic drinking. This type of aggression can be either active or passive, or take the form of a verbal or physical altercation. One of the most dangerous forms of physical aggression can occur in a “blackout” state, where the individual no longer remembers what occurred when they were drinking. This type of aggression increases the risk of violent behavior, which can lead to serious consequences.
Alcohol use among young adults can increase the risk of a variety of emotional dysregulation issues, such as social anxiety, depression, irritability, and character issues. Individuals may also experience problems with maintaining relationships, exhibiting poor self-control or decision-making, and displaying general disinterest in life. Additionally, alcohol consumption is associated with increased risk of suicide, which is tragic and preventable, and can cause severe non-fatal outcomes and trauma that can last a lifetime.
The behavioral impacts of alcoholism can be long-lasting and difficult to reverse. Continuing patterns of heavy drinking can lead to a variety of medical complications, some of which may even be fatal. As such, the prevention and treatment of alcohol use disorders is an important public health issue, and early intervention is a critical step in having a positive impact.
Behavioral interventions, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, can also help individuals by providing a way to modify their drinking behavior and better regulate their emotions. Other interventions, such as motivational interviewing and education, can increase individuals’ knowledge of the risks associated with alcohol consumption and help them to better understand their choices. Furthermore, peer-led counseling is another popular and effective intervention strategy that focuses on creating change in individuals’ attitudes and behaviors around drinking.
By understanding the behavioral impacts of alcoholism, we can begin to address its various consequences and ultimately reduce its prevalence. Having awareness of the issues associated with problem drinking can help individuals make more informed decisions and responsibly manage their drinking, thereby positively impacting the health and wellbeing of both themselves and their loved ones.